Nkhani

Gawo 2. Technology: zotayidwa extrusion + mikangano chipwirikiti kuwotcherera monga mainstream, laser kuwotcherera ndi FDS kapena kukhala tsogolo malangizo

1. Poyerekeza ndi kufa kuponyera ndi kupondaponda, zotayidwa extrusion kupanga mbiri ndiyeno kuwotcherera ndi luso ambiri mabokosi batire panopa.

1) Kuzama kwa chipolopolo pansi pa batire yowotcherera ndi mbale ya aluminiyamu yosindikizira, kugwedezeka kosakwanira ndi mphamvu ya batire, ndi zovuta zina zimafunikira mabizinesi amagalimoto kukhala ndi luso lophatikizika lophatikizika la thupi ndi chassis;

2) Sireyi ya batri ya aluminiyamu yoponyera mumayendedwe oponyera amatenga nthawi imodzi yokha. Choyipa chake ndi chakuti aloyi ya aluminiyamu imakonda kutsika, ming'alu, kudzipatula kuzizira, kukhumudwa, porosity ndi zolakwika zina pakuponya. The kusindikiza katundu wa mankhwala pambuyo kuponyera ndi osauka, ndi elongation wa cast aluminiyamu aloyi ndi otsika, amene sachedwa deformation pambuyo kugunda;

3) Extruded aluminiyamu aloyi batire thireyi ndi panopa waukulu batire thireyi kapangidwe chiwembu, kudzera splicing ndi processing wa mbiri kukwaniritsa zosowa zosiyanasiyana, ali ndi ubwino wa kamangidwe kusintha, processing yabwino, zosavuta kusintha ndi zina zotero; Magwiridwe Extruded aluminiyamu aloyi batire thireyi ali mkulu kulimba, kugwedezeka kukana, extrusion ndi zotsatira ntchito.

2. Makamaka, ndondomeko ya zotayidwa extrusion kupanga batire bokosi motere:

Pansi mbale ya bokosi thupi amapangidwa ndi mikangano chipwirikiti kuwotcherera pambuyo zitsulo zotayidwa kapamwamba extruded, ndi pansi bokosi thupi amapangidwa ndi kuwotcherera ndi mbale mbali zinayi. Pakalipano, mbiri yodziwika bwino ya aluminiyamu imagwiritsa ntchito 6063 kapena 6016 wamba, mphamvu zamakokedwe zimakhala pakati pa 220 ~ 240MPa, ngati kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zowonjezera zowonjezera zotayidwa, mphamvu zamakokedwe zimatha kufika ku 400MPa, poyerekeza ndi bokosi la aluminium wamba limatha kuchepetsa kulemera kwa 20% ~ 30%.

3. Kuwotcherera luso komanso mosalekeza kukweza, chofala panopa ndi mikangano chipwirikiti kuwotcherera

Chifukwa cha kufunika kwa splice mbiri, kuwotcherera luso zimakhudza kwambiri flatness ndi kulondola kwa bokosi batire. Ukadaulo wowotcherera bokosi la batri umagawidwa kukhala kuwotcherera kwachikhalidwe (TIG kuwotcherera, CMT), ndipo tsopano kuwotcherera kokulirapo (FSW), kuwotcherera kwa laser apamwamba, ukadaulo wodzilimbitsa bawuti (FDS) ndiukadaulo wolumikizira.

Kuwotcherera kwa TIG kumatetezedwa ndi mpweya wa inert, pogwiritsa ntchito arc yomwe imapangidwa pakati pa tungsten electrode ndi weldment kutenthetsa zitsulo zosungunuka ndikudzaza waya, kuti apange ma welds apamwamba kwambiri. Komabe, ndi kusinthika kwa kamangidwe ka bokosi, kukula kwa bokosi kumakhala kokulirapo, kapangidwe kambiri kamakhala kocheperako, ndipo kulondola kwazithunzi pambuyo pakuwotcherera kumapangidwa bwino, kuwotcherera kwa TIG kumakhala kovutirapo.

CMT ndi njira yatsopano yowotcherera ya MIG/MAG, pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yayikulu yamagetsi kuti ipangitse waya wowotcherera bwino, kudzera pazovuta zapadziko lapansi, mphamvu yokoka ndi kupopera kwamakina, kupanga chowotcherera mosalekeza, ndikulowetsa pang'ono kutentha, popanda kuwaza, kukhazikika kwa arc ndi liwiro lowotcherera mwachangu ndi zabwino zina, zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zowotcherera. Mwachitsanzo, mawonekedwe a bokosi pansi pa batire yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mitundu ya BYD ndi BAIC imagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wowotcherera wa CMT.

4. Traditional fusion kuwotcherera ali ndi mavuto monga mapindikidwe, porosity ndi otsika kuwotcherera olowa coefficient chifukwa cha kulowetsa kwakukulu kutentha. Chifukwa chake, ukadaulo wowotcherera wowoneka bwino komanso wobiriwira wobiriwira wokhala ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri wagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

FSW imachokera ku kutentha komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha kukangana pakati pa singano yosakaniza yozungulira ndi phewa la shaft ndi chitsulo choyambira monga gwero la kutentha, kupyolera mu kasinthasintha wa singano yosakaniza ndi mphamvu ya axial ya shaft phewa kuti akwaniritse kayendedwe ka pulasitiki kazitsulo zoyambira kuti apeze cholumikizira chowotcherera. FSW kuwotcherera olowa ndi mphamvu mkulu ndi bwino kusindikiza ntchito chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'munda wa batire bokosi kuwotcherera. Mwachitsanzo, bokosi la batri lamitundu yambiri ya Geely ndi Xiaopeng limatenga mawonekedwe owotcherera amitundu iwiri.

Kuwotcherera kwa laser kumagwiritsa ntchito mtengo wa laser wokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zowotchera zinthu kuti zisungunuke kuti zisungunuke zinthuzo ndikupanga cholumikizira chodalirika. Zida zowotcherera laser sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwa ndalama zoyambira, nthawi yayitali yobwerera, komanso kuvutikira kwa aluminium alloy laser kuwotcherera.

5. Pofuna kuchepetsa zotsatira za kuwotcherera kwazitsulo pa kukula kwa bokosi, teknoloji yodzipangira bolt (FDS) ndi teknoloji yogwirizanitsa imayambitsidwa, pakati pa makampani odziwika bwino ndi WEBER ku Germany ndi 3M ku United States.

Ukadaulo wamalumikizidwe a FDS ndi mtundu wa njira yozizira yodzipangira tokha polumikizira wononga ndi bawuti kudzera pakumangirira shaft yapakati pazida kuti ipangitse kusinthasintha kothamanga kwa injini kuti ilumikizidwe ndi kutentha kwa mbale ndi kupunduka kwa pulasitiki. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ma robot ndipo ali ndi digiri yapamwamba yamagetsi.

M'munda wa mphamvu zatsopano batire paketi kupanga, ndondomeko makamaka ntchito chimango dongosolo bokosi, ndi ndondomeko yomangira, pofuna kuonetsetsa mphamvu kugwirizana okwanira pamene kuzindikira kusindikiza ntchito bokosi. Mwachitsanzo, batire ya mtundu wa Car ya NIO imagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa FDS ndipo yapangidwa mochulukira. Ngakhale teknoloji ya FDS ili ndi ubwino woonekeratu, imakhalanso ndi zovuta: kukwera mtengo kwa zipangizo, kukwera mtengo kwa ma protrusion a post-weld ndi zomangira, ndi zina zotero, komanso machitidwe ogwiritsira ntchito amachepetsanso ntchito yake.

Gawo 3. Kugawana Kwamsika: malo a msika wa batri ndi aakulu, ndi kukula kofulumira

Magalimoto amagetsi oyera akupitilizabe kuchuluka, ndipo malo amsika amabokosi a mabatire a magalimoto atsopano amphamvu akukula mwachangu. Kutengera kuyerekeza kwa malonda apanyumba ndi padziko lonse lapansi a magalimoto amagetsi atsopano, timawerengera malo amsika amsika a mabokosi a mabatire amagetsi atsopano potengera avareji pamtengo wa mabatire amagetsi atsopano:

Zolinga zazikulu:

1) Kugulitsa kwa magalimoto a New energy ku China mu 2020 ndi 1.25 miliyoni. Malinga ndi Medium ndi Long-term Development Plan of Automobile Industry Plan yoperekedwa ndi Unduna ndi ma Commission atatu, ndizomveka kuganiza kuti kuchuluka kwa magalimoto onyamula mphamvu zatsopano ku China mu 2025 kudzafika pa 6.34 miliyoni, ndipo kutulutsa kunja kwa magalimoto amagetsi atsopano kudzafika 8.07 miliyoni.

2) Kugulitsa kwapanyumba kwamagalimoto amagetsi amtundu wa 77% mu 2020, poganiza kuti kuchuluka kwa malonda kudzakhala 85% mu 2025.

3) The permeability a aluminium alloy battery box and bracket imasungidwa pa 100%, ndipo mtengo wa njinga imodzi ndi RMB3000.

Zotsatira zowerengera: akuti pofika chaka cha 2025, msika wamabokosi a mabatire a magalimoto atsopano onyamula mphamvu ku China ndi kutsidya kwa nyanja udzakhala pafupifupi RMB 16.2 biliyoni ndi RMB 24.2 biliyoni, ndipo kukula kwapawiri kuyambira 2020 mpaka 2025 kudzakhala 41.2% ndi 51.7%